Background & Aim: Nurses’ hands are important channels of microorganisms transmission and hospital acquired infections. This study aimed to investigate knowledge, beliefs and practices of nurses regarding hand hygiene.Methods & Materials: This was a cross-sectional study conducted in 2012. All nurses (n=282) working in three hospitals of Lorestan University of Medical Sciences participated in the study. Data were gathered using a demographic form, social desirability questionnaire, and hand hygiene knowledge, belief and practice questionnaire. Data were analyzed through descriptive and statistical tests (Independent t-test, ANOVA, Pearson Coefficient) in the SPSS-PC (v.21.0). The level of significance was set at below 0.05.Results: The mean scores of nurses’ hand hygiene knowledge, beliefs and practices were 4.6±2.00, 3.8±0.40, and 4.33±0.50, respectively. Nurses washed their hands after contact with patients more often in compare with prior to contact with patient. There was a statistically positive and significant correlation between nurses’ practice in required situations and nurses’ beliefs regarding hand hygiene.Conclusion: According to the results, nurses’ knowledge regarding hand hygiene was low; and hand hygiene practice in required situations was undesirable. Many nurses had negative and false beliefs regarding hand hygiene. Based on these results, it is necessary to plan programs to increase nurses’ knowledge, belief and practice regarding hand hygiene.

Background: Electrocardiogram (ECG) is a diagnostic tool that is routinely used noninvasively to assess the electrical and muscular functions of the heart. All nurses should be able to recognize basic ECG rhythms. Objective: This study aimed to determine the ECG knowledge and practice among nurses in university hospitals in North Cyprus. Methods: This descriptive study was conducted on the registered nurses who worked in critical care units, including intensive care unit, coronary care unit, emergency department, recovery department, and cardiology department in two university hospitals (Near East University Hospital and Dr. Suat Gü nsel Hospital). Totally, 72 registered nurses worked in both hospitals 65 one of whom took part in the study voluntarily. The study data were collected using a researcher-made questionnaire. The questionnaire was prepared in Turkish and was used after being reviewed by three specialist nurses and one cardiologist. The questionnaire contained three sections and 15 questions. Results: The majority of the nurses had B. Sc. degrees (93. 8%) and recorded ECGs for patients (89. 2%). The majority of the participants had passed ECG training courses (60. 0%). Considering the nurses’ knowledge of ECG, the total frequency of correct answers was 69%. Considering their practice of ECG interpretations, the total frequency of correct answers was 67%. Cardiology department nurses had the highest percentage of correct answers (P = 0. 002). Indeed, the lowest and highest means of correct answers were observed among the nurses with less than one year and more than six years of work experience, respectively. Conclusion: The study results showed a high level of ECG knowledge and practice among the nurses. The hospital unit and passage of previous ECG training courses played an important role in the nurses’ experience of ECG interpretation. Hence, ECG training courses were effective in improving the nurses’ ECG knowledge.

Background: Spirituality is an important dimension of human existence with a crucial rolein health promotion. This study aimed to investigate nurses’ attitudes towards spiritual careand its practice. Methods: It was a descriptive cross-sectional study. The relevant data were collected by NursingSpiritual Care Perspective Scale (NSCPS). In this study, 166 nurses working in hospitals affiliatedto Iran University of Medical Sciences were selected by proportional stratified randomizedsampling method. The obtained data were analysed by descriptive statistics, including frequency, mean, and standard deviation, using SPSS V. 16. Results: The Mean± SD score of nurses’ attitudes towards spiritual practice was 3. 67± 0. 51. Themean score of responses to 9 out of 11 items was above 3 indicating high range of attitude towardproviding spiritual care. The Mean± SD score of nurses’ spiritual practice was 1. 93± 0. 48. Themean score of the responses to 3 out of 12 items was above 2 indicating the nurses’ weak abilityto provide spiritual care. Conclusion: Despite nurses’ positive attitudes towards providing spiritual care, they haveprovided insufficient spiritual care interventions. Thus, appropriate approach for teachingspiritual merits and increasing nurses’ abilities for providing spiritual care seems necessary.

Aims: Evaluating nurses’ infection control practices is essential for maintaining established protocols and identifying weaknesses and areas for improvement. Therefore, the study aimed to evaluate nurses’ practices regarding infection control measures in intensive care units. Instrument & Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in Hilla City at the four main teaching hospitals on 200 nurses selected using a non-probability sampling from October 1, 2023, to April 8, 2024. The total number of practices included in the evaluation list was 55 items. The evaluation checklist was validated by experts, and its reliability was verified through a pilot study. Data were collected using three observation methods and analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Findings: A considerable portion (81%) of nurses demonstrated inadequate practices in infection control measures within intensive care units, with relatively low average scores. Nurses’ age (p=0.013), education level (p=0.0001), years of experience (p=0.0001), years of experience in the current workplace (p=0.0001), and the number of training courses attended (p=0.0001) were associated with these practices. Conclusion: Older age, higher education level, more years of experience, longer tenure in the current workplace, and participation in more training courses are associated with better nurses’ practices regarding infection control measures.

Context: Nowadays, in view of improved patients’,awareness of their rights to receive safe and high‑, quality services, many legal issues stand facing the nursing profession. With the aim of providing such services, nurses are thus required to unquestionably have a sufficient understanding of legal issues and professional/ ethical/criminal laws specific to nursing, empowering them to protect themselves and their patients. Aims: Purpose of this study was to investigate the knowledge, attitude, and practice of nurses toward legal issues. Setting and Design: The present study is a cross‑, sectional analytical study that was conducted in 2021 in 5 medical and educational centers of Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences. The study population included all nurses working in medical and educational centers. Materials and Methods: The data collection tool was a questionnaire related to the status of knowledge and attitude and practice of nurses of legal issues. Statistical Analysis Used: Pearson correlation coefficient , (Pearson’, s r) and multiple linear regression were utilized to establish the relationship between the knowledge, attitudes, and practices , (KAP) scores and to identify the factors shaping these values, respectively. Results: As well, the knowledge mean score was equal to 13. 81 , ±,  , 1. 32, and such values for attitudes and practices were 8. 02 , ±,  , 1. 62 and 24. 15 , ±,  , 1. 36, respectively. Significant relationships were also observed between gender, employment type, source of information, and attitude mean score, as well as gender and practices mean score. Conclusion: Despite the satisfactory levels of KAP about legal issues as well as professional/ethical/criminal laws specific to the nursing profession among the Iranian nurses, there is still a need to broaden their knowledge of the relevant formalities in this domain.